Biology for NGSS

  • Chapter 1 Introduction
    • Challenge Question
    • 1 How do we do Science?
    • 2 Systems and Systems Models
    • 3 Observations, Hypotheses, and Asumptions
    • 4 Acuracy and Precision
    • 5 Working with Numbers
    • 6 Tallies, Percentages, and Rates
    • 8 Dealing with Large Numbers
    • 9 Apparatus and Measurement
    • 10 Types of data
    • 11 Variables and Controls
    • 12 A Case Study: Catalase Activity
    • 13 Recording Results
    • 15 Constructing Tables
    • 16 Which graph to Use?
    • 17 Drawing Line Graphs
    • 18 Interpreting Line Graphs
    • 19 Drawing Scatter Graphs
    • 20 Correlation or Causation
    • 21 Drawing Bar Graphs
    • 22 Drawing Histograms
    • 23 Mean, Medium, and Mode
    • 24 What is Standard Deviation?
    • 25 Detecting Bias in Samples
    • 26 Biological Drawings
    • 27 Practicing Biological Drawings
    • 28 Analysing Experimental Data
  • Chapter 2 Cell Specialization and Organization
    • Challenge Question
    • 30 The Hierachy of Life
    • 31 Introduction to Cells
    • 32 Microscopes and Magnification
    • 33 Studying Cells
    • 34 Plant Cells
    • 35 Animal Cells
    • 36 Identifying Organelles
    • 37 The Structure of Membranes
    • 38 Diffusion in Cells
    • 39 Osmosis in Cells
    • 40 Diffusion and Cell Size
    • 41 Observing Difffusion in Cells
    • 42 Factors Affecting Membrane Permeability
    • 43 Active Transport
    • 44 What is an Ion Pump?
    • 45 Specialization in Plant Cells
    • 46 Specialization in Animal Cells
    • 47 What is DNA?
    • 48 Nucleotides
    • 49 DNA and RNA
    • 50 Modeling the Structure of DNA
    • 51 Genes Code for Proteins
    • 52 Cracking the Genetic Code
    • 53 Amino Acids Make Up Proteins
    • 54 The Functional Struture of Proteins
    • 55 Proteins Have Many Roles in Cells
    • 56 Reactions in Cells
    • 57 Enzymes Catalyze Reactions in Cells
    • 58 Enzymes Have Optimal Conditions to Work
    • 59 Investigating Catalase Activity
    • 60 Organ Systems Work Together
    • 61 Circulation and Gas Exchange Interactions
    • 62 Circulation and Digestive Interactions
    • 63 Plant Organ Systems
    • 64 Interacting Systems in Plants
  • Chapter 3 Feedback Mechanisms
    • Challenge Question
    • 67 Hot dog
    • 68 Homeostasis
    • 69 Keeping in Balance
    • 70 Negative Feedback Mechanisms
    • 71 Positive Feedback Mechanisms
    • 72 Sources of Body Heat
    • 73 Thermoregulation
    • 74 Thermoregulation in Humans
    • 75 Body Shape and Heat Loss
    • 76 Controlling Blood Glucose
    • 77 Type 2 Diabetes
    • 78 Homeostasis During Exercise
    • 79 Is the Effect of Exercise on Heart Rate Significant?
    • 80 Homeostasis in Plants
    • 81 Measuring Transpiration in Plants
    • 82 Reviewing Your Understanding
  • Chapter 4 Growth and Development
    • Challenge Question
    • 84 The Power to Rebuild
    • 85 Growth and Development of Organisms
    • 86 DNA Replication
    • 87 Details of DNA Replication
    • 88 Modeling DNA Replication
    • 90 The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
    • 91 Mitosis
    • 92 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
    • 93 Modeling Mitosis
    • 94 Differentiation of Cells
    • 95 Stem Cells Give Rise to Other Cells
    • 96 Tissues Work Together
  • Chapter 5 Energy in Living Systems
    • Challenge Question
    • 100 Energy in Cells
    • 101 ATP
    • 102 Introduction to Photosynthesis
    • 103 Chloroplasts
    • 104 Stages in Photosynthesis
    • 105 Investigating Photosynthetic Rate
    • 106 The Fate of Glucose
    • 108 Energy From Glucose
    • 109 Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    • 110 Measuring Respiration
    • 111 Review Your Understanding
  • Chapter 6 Interdependence in Ecosystems
    • Challenge Question
    • 113 A Plague of Mice
    • 114 What is an Ecosystem?
    • 115 Habitat and Tolerance Range
    • 116 The Ecological Niche
    • 117 Dingo Habitats
    • 118 Population Density and Distribution
    • 119 Species Interactions
    • 120 Competition for Resources
    • 121 Intraspecific Competition
    • 122 Interspecific Competition
    • 123 Reducing Competition Between Species
    • 124 Predator-Prey Relationships
    • 125 The carrying Capacity of an Ecosystem
    • 126 A Case Study in Carrying Capacity
    • 129 Population Growth
    • 130 Plotting Bacterial Growth
    • 131 Investigating Bacterial Growth
    • 132 Modeling Population Growth
    • 133 A Case Study in Population Growth
  • Chapter 7 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycles
    • Challenge Question
    • 136 Eat or be Eaten
    • 137 Energy in Ecosystems
    • 138 Comparing Aerobic and Anaerobic Systems
    • 139 Producers
    • 140 Consumers
    • 141 Food Chains
    • 142 Food Webs
    • 143 Constructing Food Webs
    • 145 Energy Flow in Ecosystems
    • 146 Ecological Pyramids
    • 147 Investigating Ecological Pyramids
    • 148 Cycles of Matter
    • 149 The Hydrologic Cycle
    • 150 The Carbon Cycle
    • 151 Modeling the Carbon Cycle
    • 152 The Oxygen Cycle
    • 153 Role of Photosynthesis in Carbon Cycling
    • 154 The Nitrogen Cycle
  • Chapter 8 The Dynamic Ecosystem
    • Challenge Question
    • 157 A Mammoth Task
    • 158 Ecosystem Dynamics
    • 159 The Resilient Ecosystem
    • 160 A Case Study in Ecosystem Resilience
    • 161 Keystone Species
    • 162 Ecosystem Changes
    • 163 Climate Change and Ecosystem Change
    • 164 Human Impact on Ecosystems
    • 165 The Effects of Damming
    • 166 The Impact of Alien Species
    • 167 Human Impact on Fish Stocks
    • 168 Evaluating a Solution to Overfishing
    • 169 Deforestation and Species Survival
    • 170 Modeling a Solution
    • 171 Review Your Understanding
  • Chapter 9 Social Behaviour
    • Challenge Question
    • 173 Internet or Anternet?
    • 174 Social Groupings
    • 175 Schooling, Flocking, Herding
    • 176 Migration
    • 177 Social Organization
    • 178 How Social Behavior Improves Survival
    • 179 Cooperative Behaviors
    • 180 Cooperative Defence
    • 181 Cooperative Attack
    • 182 Cooperative Food Gathering
  • Chapter 10 Inheritance of Traits
    • Challenge Question
    • 185 Stand Out From the Crowd
    • 186 Chromosomes
    • 187 DNA Carries the Code
    • 188 DNA packaging and control of transcription
    • 189 Changes after Transcription and Translation
    • 190 Not All DNA Codes for Protein
    • 191 The Outcomes of Differing Gene Expression
  • Chapter 11 Variation of Traits
    • Challenge Question
    • 195 What is a Trait?
    • 196 Diffrent Alleles for Different Traits
    • 197 Why is Variation Important?
    • 198 Sources of Variation
    • 199 Examples of Genetic Variation
    • 200 Meiosis
    • 201 Meiosis and Variation
    • 203 Mutations
    • 204 The Effects of Mutations
    • 205 The Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance
    • 206 Beneficial Mutations in Humans
    • 207 Harmful Effects of Mutations in Humans
    • 208 Influences on Phenotype
    • 209 Environment and Variation
    • 210 Genes and Environment Interact
    • 211 Predicting Traits: The Monohybrid Cross
    • 212 Predicting Traits: The Test cross
    • 213 Practicing Monohybrid Crosses
    • 214 Predicting Traits: The Dihybrid Cross
    • 215 Practicing Dihybrid Crosses
    • 216 Testing the Outcome of Genetic Crosses
    • 217 Pedigree Analysis
  • Chapter 12 Evidence for Evolution
    • Challenge Question
    • 220 Dinosaur or Bird?
    • 221 Evidence for Evolution
    • 222 The Common Ancestry of Life
    • 223 The Fossil Record
    • 224 Interpreting the Fossil Record
    • 225 Transitional Fossils
    • 226 Case Study: Whale Evolution
    • 227 Anatomical Evidence for Evolution
    • 228 DNA Evidence for Evolution
    • 229 Protein Evidence for Evolution
    • 230 Developmental Evidence for Evolution
    • 232 Summing Up
  • Chapter 13 Natural Selection and Adaptation
    • Challenge Question
    • 233 How does an elephant lose its tusks?
    • 234 How Evolution Occurs
    • 235 Modeling Natural Selection
    • 236 Adaptation
    • 237 Similar Environments, Similar Adaptations
    • 238 Natural Selection in Finches
    • 239 Natural Selection in Rock Pocket Mice
    • 240 Natural Selection in deer mice
    • 241 Insecticide Resistance
    • 242 Gene Pool Simulation
    • 243 What is a Species?
    • 244 How Species Form
    • 245 Patterns of Evolution
    • 246 Evolution and Biodiversity
    • 247 Extinction is a Natural Process
    • 248 Humans and Extinction
  • Chapter 14 Biodiversity
    • Challenge Question
    • 251 Can't see the Wood for the Trees
    • 252 Biodiversity
    • 253 Humans Depend on Biodiversity
    • 254 Biodiversity Hotspots
    • 255 How Humans Affect Biodiversity
    • 256 Ex-Situ Conservation
    • 257 In-Situ Conservation
    • 258 Conservation and Genetic Diversity
    • 259 Maasai Mara Case Study
    • 261 Summing Up